Light Emitting Diodes or LEDs have emerged as one of the most promising lighting technologies in the last few decades. LED lights are now widely used across various applications like indoor lighting, outdoor lighting, automotive lighting and more. Let's understand more about LED lighting technology and how it has changed the lighting industry.
Working of an LED Light
An LED or Light Emitting Diode is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current is passed through it. It consists of a chip of semiconducting material doped with impurities to create a p-n junction. When electric current passes through the junction, electrons recombine with electron holes which results in the emission of photons or light. The wavelength (or color) of the light emitted depends on the semiconductor material used. LED lights are regarded as more environmentally friendly and efficient compared to traditional incandescent and CFL bulbs.
Advantages of LED Lights
One of the main advantages of LED lights is their high energy efficiency. LED bulbs convert over 90% of the energy they consume into light, unlike incandescent bulbs that convert only 10% of energy into light. This makes LEDs much more cost effective over the long run compared to other lighting sources. They also have a very long life - typical LED lights can last over 25,000 hours which is 25-30 times longer than incandescent bulbs. LED lights also start illuminating instantly without any warm up time. They do not have any harmful substances like mercury which is present in CFL bulbs. LED lights also have directional light output which makes it suitable for various applications like outdoor lighting, accent lighting etc. They are durable, shock resistant and withstand vibration very well.
Applications of LED Lights
Today, LED Lighting has applications across various sectors -
Indoor Lighting - LED bulbs and strips have become quite popular for indoor lighting in homes, offices etc thanks to their energy efficiency and long life. They are suitable replacements for incandescent and CFL bulbs.
Outdoor Lighting - LED lights are widely adopted for outdoor lighting applications like street lights, landscape lighting, floodlights due to their high lumen output, long life and resistance to weather effects. They also have directional light properties.
Automotive Lighting - LED lights are now commonly used in automobiles for daytime running lights, brake lights, interior lighting due to their compact size, shock resistance and fast switching times. This reduces the power requirement significantly.
Architectural Lighting - Architects are using innovative LED lighting designs for accent lighting, signage boards, fountains etc to enhance aesthetics and visual appeal of buildings and landmarks.
Horticulture Lighting - LED grow lights are optimal for indoor farming and vertical farming as plants can be given specific spectra at different growth stages for better yields. They improve harvest rates.
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